Salim, Ahmad Ali. “Islamic Political Reform: From Jamal al-Din al-Afghani to Rashid Rida,” Year 7, Issue 25 (Sumer 1422 AH/ 2001 CE), Pp. 47-77.

Abstract

Ahmad Ali Salim’s article addresses Jamal al-Din al-Afghani’s political reform transformation from the model Islamic state to anti-colonialism and calls for an Islamic league. It describes al-Afghani’s attempt to get rid of the authoritarian rule of the Khedive Ismail, then his exile from Egypt in the era of Khedive Tawfiq. It then discusses the political reform of Rashid Rida, between building an Islamic state and the establishment of an Islamic league. He discusses Shaykh Muhammad Abduh’s influence on Rida, and Rida’s establishment of the journal Al-Manar to succeed  the journal Al-Urwat Al-Wuthqa (which was founded by al-Afghani and Abduh). He discusses, moreover, the Islamic league, and he describes how the views of Rida and his reform efforts influenced Shaykh Hassan al-Banna and the programs of the Muslim Brotherhood after his death.