حطاب كمال توفيق. Khattab, Kamal Tawfiq. “Ibn Khaldūn and Western Economic Thought,” Year 13, Issue 51 (Winter 1429 AH/ 2008 CE), Pp. 285-308. Al-Fikr al-islāmī al-muʿāṣir (previously Islamiyat al-Ma’rifah), [S. l.], v. 13, n. 51, p. 285–308, 2008. DOI: 10.35632/citj.v13i51.1225. Disponível em: https://citj.org/index.php/citj/article/view/1225. Acesso em: 3 may. 2026.